Bjelašnica is a mountain in central
Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is found directly to the southwest of Sarajevo,
bordering Mt. Igman. Bjelašnica's tallest peak, by which the whole mountain
group got its name, rises to an elevation of 2067 meters (6782 feet). Other
notable peaks are Krvavac (2061 m), Mali Vlahinja (2055 m), and Hranisava (1964
m). The Bjelašnica range is bordered by the Rakitnica in the south, the Neretva
in the west, Mt Igman in the north-east and Mt Ivan in the north-west. Only at
20 minutes distance of Sarajevo, it is a popular tourist attraction for hiking
and skiing.
Bjelašnica has been, in certain areas,
the site of extensive combat during the 1992-'95 Siege of Sarajevo and
particular areas pose a high mine risk. There are numerous trails set up and
maintained by local mountain clubs that lead to the bald peaks higher up. The
mountain is also popular with mountain bikers and has become recently a
frequent base for paragliders.
The mountain's name stems from the
root bijel, which means "white". The white snow cupola of Bjelasnica
is a familiar sight from the higher points in Sarajevo in the period from mid
October until early June. Bjelašnica's base is largely forested - mixed forest,
mostly beech - however there are no trees above the 1500 meter (4921') tree
line.
Bjelašnica summit is easily recognized
from the distance by the structures that have been erected on top of it. After
the Austro-Hungarian Empire occupied Bosnia following the Congress of Berlin in
1878 the Austrians installed almost immediately the first meteorological
station on the summit in 1878, creating the first meteorological station in the
whole area of the Balkans. This structure was replaced in 1894 by an - at that
time - very advanced meteorological observatory with an all-year around
manning.
The observatory is still there, has
been repaired of the damage sustained during the last war, and still functions
as an important chain-link in the meteorological survey of the Balkans. The
communications Centre with its landmark tower that used to stand next to the
observatory was destroyed in 1993. The sad remains of the broken tower were
removed in 2006.
Olympic
games
During the 1984 Winter Olympics,
Bjelašnica hosted the men's alpine skiing events, where brash Bill Johnson
(USA) won the downhill after boldly predicting victory, overtaking Swiss ski
legend Peter Müller who took silver. The American twins Phil and Steve Mahre
took gold and silver in the slalom at Bjelašnica for the US as well.
Switzerland's Max Julen surprisingly took the gold in the Giant Slalom, while
the silver went to the Yugoslav favorite Jure Franko. Major investment was done
by the Yugoslav authorities in order to accommodate the Winter Olympics.
The Babin Dol area was developed for
the necessary construction and a long main ski lift was built from Babin Dol up
to the summit of the Bjelašnica summit. In preparation of the Games, a road was
constructed across the Igman plateau connecting Sarajevo through Hadžići to the
Malo Polje, Veliko Polje and Babin Dol venues. The Babin Dol area has several
structures dating from that time, including the renowned Maršal (then: Famos)
Hotel and most of the skiing facilities in the area.
FIS World Cup events took place on 18
January 1983 and 21–22 March 1987. In 1983 it was only the downhill (winner:
Gerhard Pfaffenbichler, before Steve Podborski and Franz Klammer) that was
done. In 1987 contests were done in Men's Slalom (winner: Grega Benedik) and
Giant Slalom, Men's (winner: Marc Girardelli) and Women's (tied victory: Maria
Walliser and Vreni Schneider) Other FIS events have taken place and are still
taking place at Bjelašnica.
The
Bjelašnica Olympic Mountain Ski Centre
The Bjelašnica Olympic Mountain Ski
Centre and its facilities are all located on the eastern slope of Bjelašnica
main summit. There are 6 lifts, with one modern three-seat carrier lift
departing from Babin Dol, three anchor lifts and two remaining single saucer
lifts. Next to the original 3100 meter Olympic Downhill run and the Giant
Slalom run there are four more pistes varying in length between 3200 and 550
meters and covering all difficulty levels between bleu-red-black.
A lot of investment has been done to
develop the Ski Centre and the Babin Dol area since the era directly following
the Dayton Agreement, with another peak during the last couple of years. New
hotels, apartment complexes and restaurants have turned this area into a modern
ski resort.
Hiking
The Bjelašnica range consists of
basically three ridges, the Vlahinja ridge, the Strug ridge and a more southern
ridge parallel to the Rakitnica and separated from the other ridges by a wide
valley called Dugo Polje. A number of popular hikes exist in these mountains.
One trail approaches the Bjelašnica main summit (2067 m.) from the north and is
called Josipova Staza after its most famous hiker: Josip Broz Tito.
From the main summit a ridge walk
leads north-east towards the summit of Mala Vlahinja (2055 m.). The last summit
of this ridge in the west is called Hranisava (1964 m.) and can be better
ascended to by a trail starting in the hamlet of Lokve, between Hadžići and
Pazarić. This offers a beautiful hike towards a fantastic view from this most
western summit of the Bjelašnica range.
Another beautiful hike departs from
Dugo Polje and leads via a difficultly retrieved trail through thick shrubs of
Pinus Mugo the summit of Krvavac (2061 m.). One of the most popular hikes leads
parallel to the Rakitnica Canyon, departing from Umoljani and ending at
Lukomir, known to be the last all-year-through inhabited semi-nomadic
settlement at this altitude in the Balkans.
There is quite a number of well
equipped mountain huts to be found within this mountain group. Stanari P.D.
(1540 m.) is an excellent base for hikes in the central-western part of the
mountain range. There are other mountain huts at Sitnik, Umoljani and Lukomir
that might require prior reservation.
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