The
1984 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XIV Olympic Winter Games was a winter
multi-sport event which took place from 8–19 February 1984 in Sarajevo,
Bosnia-Herzegovina. Other candidate cities were Sapporo, Japan; and Gothenburg,
Sweden.
It
was the first Winter Olympics held in a socialist state. It was also the second
Olympics overall, as well as the second consecutive Olympics, to be held in a
socialist country after the 1980 Summer Olympics were held in Moscow.
The
host city for the XIV Winter Olympics was announced on 18 May 1978 during an
80th session of the Internation Olympic Committee in Athens. Sarajevo was selected over Sapporo, Japan (which hosted the games 12 years earlier) by a margin of
three votes.
Gothenburg
was the first city in Sweden to lose a Winter Olympic bid, as other Swedish
cities such as Falun
and Ostersund would later lose their consecutive bids to Calgary, Albertville, Lillehammer, Nagano and Salt Lake City respectively. Sarajevo,
capital of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina, was part of the
united Yugoslavia at the time.
The
torch relay for the 1984 Sarajevo Olympic games started in Olympia
and then proceeded by airplane to Dubrovnik.
The total distance of the torch relay through Yugoslavia was 5,289 kilometres
(3,286 mi) (plus 2,879 kilometres (1,789 mi) of local routes).
The
final torchbearer, from a total of 1600, was figure skater Sandra Dubravcic, who received the torch from
skier runner Ivo Carman. Today one of
the two original torches is in Slovenia in a private collection in Zalec (Slovenia). Also 20 more torches are in
Greece owned by individual athletes, who were the torchbearers from Ancient Olympia
to the nearby military airport and from Athens Domestic Airport to the
Panathinaikon Stadium where the Ceremony of handing over the Olympic Flame to
the Sarajevo Olympic Games Committee occurred.
Highlights
- The Olympic flag was raised upside down during
the opening ceremony by mistake.
- First Games under the presidency of Juan Antonio Samaranch.
- The 20 kilometre race was added to women's
Nordic skiing.
- Skier Jure Franko
won Yugoslavia's first Winter Olympic medal; a silver in the giant slalom
Marja-Lisa
Hamalainen won all three
individual cross country races for women.
-
Gaetan
Boucher and Karin Enke each won two gold medals in Speed skating,
while East German
women won all but three out of the twelve medals in the sport.
- Austria, usually a formidable winter sports
nation, won only one bronze medal.
- Biathlete Eirik Kvalfoss earned a complete set of medals.
- Twin brothers Phil
and Steve Mahre
took first and second place in the slalom.
- Torvil and Dean of Great Britain earned across-the-board perfect scores for artistic
impression in the free dance ice dancing competition, a feat that was never
matched.
- The gold medals for Figure Skating were split
among four nations. While Torvill and Dean won the Ice Dancing Competition for
the UK,Elena Valova and Oleg Vasiliev of the Soviet Union won the Pairs
Competition, Scott Hamilton scored
Men's gold for the United States, and Katarina Witt won the first of two consecutive gold medals for East Germany in Ladies
Figure Skating.
- Disabled skiing was a demonstration sport for the first time.
- Bill Johnson became the first American to
win an Olympic downhill event.
- Lamine Guayeve of Senegal was the first Black African skier to compete in the Winter Olympics.
- The closing ceremony was held indoors in the
figure skating venue. The next time the closing ceremony for the Winter Games
was held indoors was the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver .
Readers
of Yugoslav newspapers were asked to choose the mascot for the 1984 Winter
Olympics from a list of six finalists. The winner was Vučko, the little wolf,
designed by Slovenian designer and illustrator Jože Trobec.
The
other finalists were a chipmunk, a lamb, a mountain goat, a porcupine, and a
snowball. The Vučko is a long-time symbol of Sarajevo.
Participiants
A
then record of 49 National Olympic Committess (NOCs) entered
athletes at the 1984 Winter Olympic Games.
Egypt,
Monaco, Puerto Rico,
Senegal, and the British Virgin Islands participated in
their 1st Winter Olympic Games.
The
People's Republic of China ended its boycott of the Olympic Games over the
controversy regarding the IOC's recognition of the Republic of China. The
Republic of China (Taiwan) then competed as Chinese Taipei for the first time.
Many
smaller countries competed in these games, due to the funding program created
by the IOC. The IOC decided that it would cover all expenses for one male and
one female athlete, per country. This allowed countries with smaller athletic
budgets to participate in the Games.
